Maillot, A., Malecki, H., Milhaud, C. et al. 1994. Environmental enrichment methods for Old World monkeys: Practical aspects.
Summary of common enrichment strategies.
Meshik, V. A. 1994. Group formation in adult Japanese macaques. International Zoo News 41(3), 5-9.
Starting with submissive animals, individuals from the first group [2 females and 1 male] were introduced step by step to the second [resident] group [3 females and 1 male]. A new group was successfully formed...
Miller, P. 1994. Lion-tamarin and marmoset enrichment at the National Zoo. In Touch 1(4), 5.
As always, the key to successful enrichment is variety. Use a different device each day. Load it with different foods each time. Sometimes don't load it with anything at all! (It keeps them guessing.) Before...
Murphy, J. 1994. The prevention of environmentally caused injury in captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) at the Primate Found
Enrichment items are thoroughly examined for potential hazards.
O'Connor, E., Reinhardt, V. 1994. Caged stumptailed macaques voluntarily work for ordinary food. In Touch 1(1), 10-11.
Ninety-nine of the biscuits were placed in a freely accessible dish attached to the mesh of the front of the cage. Thirty-three biscuits were offered in a food puzzle. Twenty-five percent (4/16) of the subjects...
O'Neill-Wagner, P. L. 1994. When trying to get your monkeys to behave, try perches. In Touch 1(2), 6-8.
Higher perching elevations appear to be a very desirable feature in this environment for the expression of six of the twelve behaviors studied. Mid-level perches, on the other hand, were utilized more for only two...
Reinhardt, V. 1994. Caged rhesus macaques voluntarily work for ordinary food. Primates 35, 95-98.
Eight single-caged adult rhesus macaques were given the choice of freely collecting their standard food ration, i.e. 33 biscuits, from an ordinary food box or working for its retrieval from a custom- made food puzzle...
Reinhardt, V. 1994. Effective environmental enrichment for caged rhesus macaques. In Touch 1(2), 1 & 3-5.
The animals spent approximately 20% of the [day] time interacting with the companion, 10% perching on the PVC pipe, 4% gnawing/manipulating the branch segment and 7% foraging for primary food.
Reinhardt, V. 1994. Pair-housing rather than single-housing for laboratory rhesus macaques. Journal of Medical Primatology 23(8),
Two different pair formation options for adult female and male rhesus macaques are described and tested: Pairing adults with adults of the same sex after establishment of dominance-subordination relationships during a noncontact familiarization period, and...
Reinhardt, V. 1994. Safe pair formation technique for previously single-caged rhesus macaques. In Touch 1(3), 5-6.
A safe pair formation technique is described. All 20 [adult male] pairs were compatible during pair formation and throughout the 2-month follow-up period.