Barley, J. B., Cherry, K. A., Garner, J. et al. 2004. Water leakage in rodent cages: A discussion by the Laboratory Animal Refinement and Enrichment Forum. Animal Technology and Welfare 3, 111-114.

It is not uncommon that malfunctioning in watering valves or leaks of water bottles result in the accumulation of water in rodent cages (especially during holidays and on weekends), a circumstance that can have serious implications for the animals trapped in such quasi-flooded living quarters. In your own experience, what's a practicable and reliable solution to this problem??? In summary, water leakage in rodent cages can have serious animal welfare implications for mice, especially when automatic drinking systems rather than bottles are used. The problem can be alleviated by: checking all cages at least once every day, including weekends and holidays; checking all water bottles once every day, including weekends and holidays; cleaning automatic watering systems at least once a year; attaching a small drainage gutter on the drinking spout; providing the animals with enrichment items that they cannot move around; providing the animals with elevated/suspended dry refuge areas. Nesting material is essential for the animals' well-being and, therefore, should be basic furniture of rodent cages regardless of the fact that it poses a certain risk factor for water leakage. The commitment of the attending animal care staff is the key to avoid water leakage and possible flooding of rodent cages.